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"Another thing that we check for, but doesn't affect our scoring, is seeing what backlight type the LED TV uses. Direct/full-array backlighting means that there are LEDs placed all over behind a TV’s LCD panel.
Edge-lit TVs only have LEDs along the sides of the screen (usually two opposing sides), and these LEDs are responsible for lighting the entire screen. They perform quite differently for local dimming, so this result is quite important.

LED full-array backlight

LED edge-lit backlight
In terms of testing, we list the TV as 'Full-Array' if it's direct-lit and has local dimming (
Sony X900H), and as 'Direct LED' if it's direct-lit and doesn't have local dimming (
Sony X800H). Being direct-lit enables the TV's local dimming feature to have more control over each zone, and makes it easier to turn off zones.
On the other hand, edge-lit TVs like the LG NANO81 can’t dim LEDs located behind the relevant parts of the screen, so edge-lit local dimming tends to be much less precise. Local dimming features on edge-lit TVs are usually ineffective, don't improve the contrast all that much, and cause entire vertical or horizontal zones to light up when there's a bright object. Most TVs tend to have full-array local dimming features, but there are still some TVs with edge-lit panels. Also, many monitors use edge-lit local dimming features, and you can see how they cause multiple zones to light up
here."
Local dimming is a technique LED TVs use to improve contrast by dimming specific backlight zones in the darker areas of the screen, resulting in deeper blacks and better overall picture quality.
www.rtings.com